2015届安徽蚌埠五河高级中学高三上期中英语试卷（带解析）

2024-09-21

| 期中考试

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| 安徽

第三方

其他

1. Until just a few years ago，we doctors believed that the brain stopped making new neural(神经系统的)connections (meaning that your memory began to get worse)when the body stopped developing，usually in your early 20s. And we knew that，like any other body part，neurons weaken as we age. Loss of brain function due to neural breakdown was assumed to be a normal，unavoidable part of aging.
It turns out that we were wrong. In the past few years，it has been discovered that you can，in fact，make new neurons starting in your 20s and continuing well into old age. You can literally rewire the brain with new parts as the older parts wear out. How？Simple：Keep learning. Just as your body can pack on and condition new muscle，your brain can rebuild used-up neurons.
How strong is the evidence for this？Strong enough that a $200 million industry devoted to brain boosting software (products like Brain Age，MindFit，and Lumosity that supposedly improve your memory function)has sprung up out of nowhere. All“mental fitness”means are keeping your memory intact(everything from phone numbers to how to throw a football)．So what can you do to stay smart?
Keep blood pressure down. People with high blood pressure are more likely to develop cognitive impairment later in life.
Eat more vitamins. Like E(in nuts and sunflower seeds)，B₆ and B₁₂(beef，tuna)，and folic acid(leafy greens，citrus，berries)，which help keep your brain’s chemistry in balance.
Exercise your brain. This is the best way to rebuild and strengthen those precious neurons. Learn to play chess or the guitar. When you’re at a stoplight，try to recall the starting lineup of the 1983 Celtics. See a movie that doesn’t feature Ben Stiller. Or read，like，a book.
Title：How to keep the【小题1】________smart？

Previous 【小题2】_________	The brain no longer makes new neural connections once the 【小题3】________ of one’s body has stopped.
New 【小题4】________	●New neurons continue to occur even in one’s old age. ●【小题5】________contributes to the development of the new parts of your brain. ●Many products which claim to improve your brain function appear in the 【小题6】_________.
【小题7】_________	●Keep yourself away from 【小题8】_________blood pressure. ●【小题9】_________in more vitamins for the needs of your brain. ●【小题10】________your brain as much as you can.

单项选择*

1. It is reported that the police will soon________the case of the two missing children.

A．look into	B．look after
C．look upon	D．look out

2. Now their talks have reached a key stage________one side must give in to the other.

3. There is a big garden in the residential buildings，________actually has become a good place for people to meet and communicate.

4. She was so________that she wouldn’t give in until she received a full apology.

A．simple	B．lucky
C．stubborn	D．proper

5. ________life in a new country can be difficult, it can broaden a person’s view of the world.

6. The professor gives every one of us the impression________he is a real expert in this field.

7. —Darling, I didn’t get promoted.—________！There will be loads of other opportunities.

A．Well done	B．What a pity
C．Cheer up	D．All right

8. The grandma wants to train her grandson to be a musician because she finds he has a ______ for music.

A．gift	B．present
C．power	D．strength

9. Before the Libyan war________， many people put away in safe places possessions they
couldn’t take with them.

A．broke down	B．broke out
C．broke up	D．broke off

10. Success in life doesn’t happen________.It’s the result of devoting your time and energy to what you’ve set out to do.

A．by accident	B．by design
C．by force	D．by choice

11. After losing $20, 000 on my last business, I’m not________this time.

A．taking on	B．taking away
C．taking a chance	D．taking off

12. —Everyone in my class passed the exam.
—Oh, really？It________difficult.

A．must be	B．needn’t have been
C．can’t have been	D．mightn’t be

13. The manager tried to explain the problem, but what he said didn’t________to the players.

A．get away with	B．get over
C．get down	D．get across

14. It is reported that the United States uses________energy as the whole of Europe.

A．as twice	B．twice as much
C．twice much as	D．twice much

15. —What about traveling to Kunming by air this winter holiday?
—________， but my father promised to take me to Sydney.

A．I can’t	B．All right
C．Sounds great	D．No way

完型填空

1. It was Thanksgiving morning. In the crowded kitchen of my small home I was busy preparing the traditional Thanksgiving turkey____the doorbell rang. I opened the front door and saw two small children in ____ clothes and thin little sandals(凉鞋), staying together at the door on the top step.
“Any old____， lady？” asked one of them.
I was ____. I wanted to say “no” until my eye____their sandals, which were wet with heavy snow.
“____and I’ll make you a cup of hot cocoa.”
They walked ____and sat down at the table. Their wet sandals left marks upon the____. I served them cocoa and bread with jam to fight____the freezing cold outside.____I went back to the kitchen and started again on my household budget for Thanksgiving Day.
The silence in the front room struck me. I looked in. The girl held the empty cup in her hands, looking at it. The boy asked in a flat voice，“Lady, are you____？”
I looked at my old sofa covers. The girl put her cup back in its saucer(托盘)____and said, “Your cups match your saucers.” Her voice was____with a need that no amount of food could supply.They left after that，____their papers against the wind.They hadn’t said“Thank you.”They didn’t need to.They had____me that I had so much for which to be grateful.Plain blue china cups and saucers were____worth five pence. But they matched.
I tasted the potatoes and the meat soup. Potatoes and brown meat soup, a roof over our heads, my man with a good steady job—these____， too.
I moved the chairs back from the fire and____the living room. The muddy(沾上泥的)____of small sandals were still wet upon my floor. Let them be for a while, I thought, just in case I should begin to____how rich I am.

C．went through

B．Turn around

阅读理解

1. I found out one time that doing a favor for someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I was in the eighth grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didn’t understand. So I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write. I happened to have an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.
Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed（解散）. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she talked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be responsible for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized the fact that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.
Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to me, it looked as if I was copying answers from the girl’s test paper. I tried to explain about the pen, but all she could say was it seemed very very strange to her that I hadn’t talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl a favor by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued to believe that I had cheated on the test.
【小题1】The story took place exactly ____________ .

A．in an exam room	B．in the teacher’s office
C．in the school	D．in the language lab

【小题2】The teacher saw all this, so she asked the boy ____________ .

A．to go on writing his paper

B．to stop whispering

C．to stay behind after the exam

D．to leave the room immediately

【小题3】The thing(s) emphasized in her talk was(were) ____________ .

A．seriousness	B． honesty
C． sense of duty	D．all of the above

【小题4】The boy knew everything ____________ .

A．the moment he was asked to stay behind

B．only some time later

C．when the teacher started talking about honesty

D．when he was walking out of the room

2. For years scientists have been worried about the effects of air pollution on the earth’s natural conditions. Some believe the air inside many houses may be more dangerous than the air outside. It may be one hundred times worse.
Indoor air pollution can cause a person to feel tired, to suffer eye pain, headache and other problems. Some pollutants（污染物）can cause breathing disorders, diseases of blood and even cancer. Most scientists agree that every modern house has some kind of indoor pollution.
People have paid more attention to the problem now. It is true that when builders began making houses and offices they did not waste energy.To do this they build buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside. They also began using man-made building materials. These materials are now known to let out harmful gases.
As the problem became more serious, scientists began searching for a way to deal with it. They discovered a natural pollution control system for building—green plants. Scientists do not really know how plants control air pollution. They believe that a plant’s leaves absorb or take in the pollutants. In exchange the plant lets out oxygen through its leaves and tiny organizations on its roots. Scientists suggest that all buildings should have one large plant or several small plants inside for every nine square meters of space. Studies of different plants show that each absorbs different chemicals. So the most effective way to clean the air is to use different kinds of plants. Having green plants inside your house can make it a prettier and more healthy place.
【小题1】Generally speaking, indoor air pollution may be more harmful than the air outside because _ .

A．indoor air pollution can often make people seriously ill

B．there may be more harmful gases outside the buildings

C．man-made building materials give off dangerous gases

D．the air indoors is polluted, which is very harmful

【小题2】Some kind of indoor pollution can be found in _______.

A．every old house	B．every modern house
C．all kinds of houses	D．all kinds of offices

【小题3】The indoor air pollution is caused by ______.

A．the man-made building materials and the limit of air-flow

B．the building way that the builders want to save energy

C．the building things that are made of man-made materials

D．the limit of the flow of air between inside and outside

【小题4】The reason why we should use different kinds of plants to clean the air is that ______.

A．plants can let out all kinds of pollutants indoors

B．plants may take in more oxygen which people need

C．plants can make our houses prettier and more healthy

D．plants can absorb all kinds of harmful indoor chemicals

3. When Christopher Columbus landed on the then unnamed Costa Rica in 1502, he saw many Indians wearing gold earrings. So he thought the land must be rich in gold. He named the place Costa Rica, which means “rich coast” in Spanish.
Though little gold was found, Costa Rica today is indeed rich with coffee and bananas. Coffee is the most important product in Costa Rica and most of it is exported to other countries like America and West Germany. Bananas are the country’s second most important export. Costa Ricans also grow many other crops such as fruits, corn and beans for their own use. Costa Ricans love colors and their houses are painted in bright colors.
Education is very important to the Costa Ricans. Almost every village has a school and education is a must for children between seven and fourteen years of age. Boys and girls go to separate schools. Classes begin in March and end in November. The other three months of the year are harvest time and the children have to help their parents to pick coffee beans.
【小题1】What’s the main idea of the first paragraph?

A．How Columbus found Costa Rica.

B．How Costa Rica got its name.

C．What the Costa Ricans wore.

D．What language the Costa Ricans spoke.

【小题2】The Costa Ricans may NOT paint their houses ______.

A．pink and red	B．yellow and orange
C．blue and green	D．grey and black

【小题3】In Costa Rica, boys and girls between seven and fourteen ______.

A．can choose to stop schooling at any time

B．study in the same school

C．do not have to go to school at all

D．must go to school

【小题4】From December to February, school children in Costa Rica ______.

A．help their parents pick coffee beans

B．have their examinations

C．have lessons every day

D．help their parents decorate their houses

4. You can't always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesn't think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. That's why he created Lampbrella, a lamp post with its own rain－sensing umbrella.
The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia. “Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy(伞篷)built into a street lamp，” he said.
The Lampbrella is a standard－looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a built－in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand. Sensors(传感器)then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians(行人)shelter whenever it starts raining.
In addition to the rain sensor, there's also a 360° motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone is using the Lampbrella.After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.
According to the designer, the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians. Besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike. Each Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people. Being installed(安装) at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.
While there are no plans to take the Lampbrella into production, Belyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one Moscow Department, and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.
【小题1】For what purpose did Belyaev create the Lampbrella?

A．To protect people from the rain.

B．To predict a heavy rain.

C．To check the weather forecast.

D．To remind people to take an umbrella.

【小题2】What do we know from Belyaev's words in Paragraph 2?

A．It rains a lot in the city of Saint Petersburg.

B．His creation was inspired by an experience.

C．Street lamps are protected by canopies.

D．He enjoyed taking walks in the rain.

【小题3】What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the Lampbrella?

A．Its moving speed.	B．Its appearance.
C．Its safety.	D．Its installation.

【小题4】What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．The designer will open a company to promote his product.

B．The Lampbrella could be put into immediate production.

C．The designer is confident that his creation is practical.

D．The Lampbrella would be put on show in Moscow.

5. Christian Eijkman, a Dutch doctor, left the Netherlands for the island of Java. Many people on the island had a disease called beri-beri. He was going there to try and find a cure.
At first, Eijkman thought some kind of germ (细菌) caused beri-beri. He raised some chickens. He didn’t eat them, but made experiments on them. The local people were quite surprised at that. One day he noticed that his chickens became sick when they were fed the food most Javanese ate — refined white rice (精炼米). When he fed them with unrefined rice, also known as brown rice, they recovered. Eijkman realized that he had made an important discovery — that some things in food could prevent disease. These things were named vitamins. The Javanese were not getting enough vitamins because they had actually removed the part that contains vitamins. Later, other diseases were also found to be caused by the lack of vitamins in a person’s food.
Today many people know the importance of vitamins and they make sure they have enough vitamins from the food they eat. If they don’t, they can also take vitamin pills.
【小题1】Christian Eijkman went to the island of Java to ______.

A．help the Javanese with their illness

B．find ways to grow better crops

C．do some research about the island

D．spend his holiday

【小题2】Why did Christian Eijkman raise some chickens?

A．To eat them.

B．To make money by selling them.

C．To give the Javanese a surprise.

D．To carry out his experiments.

【小题3】If a person doesn’t get enough vitamins in his diet, he’d better ______.

A．eat more rice	B．eat vitamin pills
C．eat some chicken	D．eat more meat

【小题4】We can learn from the passage that ______.

A．Christian Eijkman’s experiment was successful

B．the Javanese didn’t like vitamins

C．beri-beri was caused by chickens

D．the Javanese’s disease was caused by a kind of germ

书面表达

1. 高三年级是高中生活的最后一年，这一年中，学生们面临着沉重的升学压力。因此，很多学生课间也坐教室里用功，但学习效率和成绩并不理想。由此你想告诉他们：适当的休息很有必要。现在就请你以“A Ten-minute Break”为题，按下列要点写一篇短文，让这些同学从中有所启发。要点如下：
十分钟的课间休息很有必要。 2．要注意适当的休息方式。 3．你是怎样利用这十分钟的。注意：词数120左右。

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