While success is surely sweeter than failure, it seems f Wap版

试题详情及答案解析

While success is surely sweeter than failure, it seems failure is a far better teacher, and organizations that fail miserably often flourish (繁荣) more in the long run, according to a new study by Vinit Desai, assistant professor of management at the University of Colorado Denver Business School. Researchers have found that people missing their goals perform much better in the long run. That is because they gain more knowledge from their failures than their successes and the lessons are more likely to stay longer in their minds.
“We found that the knowledge gained from success was often fleeting while knowledge from failure stuck around for years,” said professor Desai, who led the study. “But companies often ignore failure. Managers may fire people or turn over the whole workforce while they should treat the failure as a learning opportunity.”
Prof Desai compared the flights of the space shuttle Atlantis and the Challenger. During the Atlantis flight last year, a piece of insulation (绝缘体) broke off and damaged the left solid rocket booster (助推火箭) but didn’t influence the program. There was little investigation. The Challenger was launched next and another piece of insulation broke off. This time the shuttle and its seven–person crew were destroyed. The disaster led to a major investigation resulting in 29 changes to prevent future disasters.
The difference in response in the two cases came down to this: Atlantis was considered a success and the Challenger a failure.
“Despite crowded skies, airlines are extremely reliable,” he said. “The number of failures is extremely small. And past researches have shown that older airlines, those with more experience in failure, have a lower number of accidents.”
Prof Desai doesn’t recommend finding out failure in order to learn. Instead, he advises organizations to analyze small failures to collect useful information rather than wait for major failures.
【小题1】Why did experts pay little attention to the problem of Atlantis?

A．Because it worked perfectly.

B．Because the right booster was still OK.

C．Because nothing serious happened then.

D．Because fewer people died in the flight.

【小题2】Fewer accidents happen to older airlines in that ________.

A．their planes couldn’t fly high in the sky

B．they gained much from experience in failure

C．their planes were often checked by the experts

D．they were unpopular among passengers

【小题3】The passage is written mainly to ________.

A．show failure is a better teacher than success

B．explain why Challenger failed

C．introduce something about Prof Desai

D．tell managers how to achieve success

【小题4】Which writing strategy is NOT used in developing the passage?

A．Giving definitions.

B．Making comparisons.

C．Analyzing causes.

D．Providing different examples.

答案：【小题1】C
【小题2】B
【小题3】A
【小题4】A

试题分析：本文通过几个例子说明了我们从失败中比在成功中学到的更多。因为失败，我们会去总结经验教训，避免以后发生类似的事情。
【小题1】C细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容可知，虽然Atlantis上的一块绝缘体掉了，但是并没有影响整个进程。C选项，没有发生什么严重的事情符合文章描述。故选C。
【小题2】B细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句话And past researches have shown that older airlines, those with more experience in failure, have a lower number of accidents.”可知老飞机出的事故少，是因为它们在失败中获得了更多的经验。故选B。
【小题3】A主旨大意题。文章围绕为什么人们从失败中学到的更多展开论述。故选A。
【小题4】A推理判断题。文章提到两个宇宙飞船的事例的时候，运用了对比，分析原因以及举例等写作手法。整篇文章没有用到下定义的写作手法。故选A。
题材：考查人生百味类短文阅读

2015届黑龙江绥化三校高三上期中英语试卷（带解析）