Culture helps human societies survive in changing natura Wap版

试题详情及答案解析

Culture helps human societies survive in changing natural environment．For example, the end of the last Ice Age, beginning about 15,000 years ago, brought a big challenge to which humans had to adapt．Before this time, large parts of the northern hemisphere were covered in great sheets of ice that contained much of the earth' s water．In North America, large animals that wandered the vast tundra （冰原） provided people with food and materials for clothing and simple shelters．When the earth became warm, large Ice Age animals disappeared, and many land areas were covered by rising sea levels from melting ice．But people survived, they developed new technologies and learned how to survive on new plant and animal species． Finally some people settled into permanent villages, durable houses and farms．
Cultural adaptation has made humans one of the most successful species on the planet． Through history, major developments in technology, medicine, and nutrition have allowed people to reproduce and survive in ever-increasing numbers．The global population has risen from 8 million during the Ice Age to about 6 billion today．
However, the successes of culture adaptation can also create problems in the long run．Over the last 200 years, people have begun to use large quantities of natural resources and energy and to produce a great amount of material and chemical wastes．The global population now consumes some important natural resources—such as petroleum, wood, and minerals—faster than nature can produce them．Many scientists believe that in the process of burning fuels and producing wastes, people may be changing the global climate in unpredictable and possibly harmful ways．Thus, the adaptive success of the present-day global culture of production and trade may be temporary．
【小题1】What is the first paragraph mainly talking about?

A．How the human beings survived in the Ice Age．

B．What the situation was like during the Ice Age．

C．What caused the Ice Age to come to an end．

D．Why the Ice Age was very important．

【小题2】To deal with the problems, human beings should ______according to the passage．

A．stop developing any longer

B．reduce the overuse of natural resources

C．stop the global warming and using natural resources

D．save more animals in case they all die out

【小题3】Which of the following is the problem caused by cultural adaptation according to the passage?

A．A very developed culture came into being．

B．New technologies have been developed．

C．Natural resources have been used up．

D．Human activities have done damage to the balance of nature．

【小题4】Which of the following can be the best tide of the passage?

A．Natural Environment Should Be Protected．

B．The Success of Cultural Adaptation Is Not Permanent．

C．The Global Population Is Increasing Since Ice Age．

D．Human Beings Are Capable of Surviving on Earth.

答案：【小题1】A
【小题2】B
【小题3】D
【小题4】B

试题分析：文章主要讲了人类的适应能力很强，这使得人类在冰川时代以后活了下来。但是人类现在也面临过渡使用资源的问题，长此以往，后果不堪设想。
【小题1】A段落大意题。第一段主要讲了人类是如何在冰川时代之后活下来的。故选A。
【小题2】B推理判断题。A、C、D文章都没有提及。文章第三段主要讲了人类过度使用自然资源并。长此以往可能会改变整个气候。由此可以推测，为了解决这个问题，人们应当减少过去使用自然资源。故选B。
【小题3】D推理判断题。文章第三段主要讲了人类过渡使用自然资源带来了一系列问题。故D选项符合文章描述。A、B文章没有提及。C项根据常理判断是错误的。故选D。
【小题4】B主旨大意题。文章最后一段讲了如果人类继续这样过渡消耗自然资源的话，人类的居住环境会面临灾难。故B项人类适应环境的成功不是永久的符合文章大意。故选B。
考点：考查科普环保类短文阅读

2015届黑龙江绥化三校高三上期中英语试卷（带解析）