Mosquitoes(蚊子) ruin countless American picnics every yea Wap版

试题详情及答案解析

Mosquitoes(蚊子) ruin countless American picnics every year, but around the world, this bloodsucking beast isn’t just annoying— it causes a health problem. More than a million people die from the spread of mosquito-borne diseases like malaria and yellow fever each year. Attempts to control populations via insecticides like DDT have had ruinous side effects for nature and human health. Neurobiologist Leslie B. Vosshall has a different solution for stopping the insects and the spread of disease. “I believe the key to controlling mosquito behavior is to understand better how they sense us,” she says.
At their Rockefeller University lab, Vosshall and her colleagues are studying the chemical sensory processes by which mosquitoes choose hosts. How do they sense heat, humidity, carbon dioxide, and body odor(气味)? What makes some people more attractive to a mosquito than others? It takes blood and sweat to find out. To study how mosquitoes assess body odor, Vosshall and her teammates might wear stockings on their arms and keep from showering for 24 hours to create sample smells,Then comes the hard part.They insert their arms into the insects’ hidden home to study how mosquitoes land, bite, and feed and then they document how this changes. This can mean getting anywhere from one bite to 400, depending on the experiment. Studying male mosquitoes is more pleasant. Since they don’t feed on blood, the lab tests their sense of smell using honey.
Vosshall and her team have also begun to study how genetics contribute to mosquitoes’ choice of a host. She’s even created a breed that is unable to sense carbon dioxide, an important trigger for the insects. “By using genetics to make mutant(变异的) mosquitoes, we can document exactly how and why mosquitoes hunt humans,” Vosshall says.
Once Vosshall figures out what makes mosquitoes flock to us, she can get to work on making them leave us alone. Many of her lab’s proposed solutions sound simple enough, including bracelets(手镯) that carry long-lasting repellants(驱虫剂) or traps that can reduce populations, but the breakthroughs, when they come, may save millions of lives in the developing world—and a lot of itching everywhere else.
【小题1】Vosshall and her colleagues are mainly studying mosquitoes’ ______

A．appearance	B．size
C．behavior	D．change

【小题2】By saying the underlined part “Then comes the hard part”, the author probably means that______.

A．the insects smell terrible

B．the experiment will last long

C．The researchers will probably suffer

D．the researchers have to study lots of documents.

【小题3】Why is it less challenging to study male mosquitoes?

A．They are not bloodsuckers.

B．They are afraid of stockings.

C．They have a poor sense of smell.

D．They are protective of their hosts.

【小题4】It can be inferred from the last paragraph that Vosshall’s research______.

A．looks very promising

B．has saved millions of lives

C．is facing great difficulties

D．is quite simple to carry out.

答案：【小题1】C
【小题2】C
【小题3】A
【小题4】A

试题分析：本文主要讲了蚊子毁了无数美国人每年的野餐，然而，除此之外，蚊子还会传播很多疾病，比如疟疾和黄热病等。神经生物学家Leslie B. Vosshall发明了通过了解蚊虫如何影响我们，来阻止蚊虫和蚊虫传播疾病的方法。Vosshall和他的同事在实验室研究了蚊子选择叮咬主人的化学反应过程以及基因如何影响蚊子选择叮咬主人。Vosshall可以通过弄清楚是什么让蚊子涌向我们，来继续研究让我们远离蚊子的方法。
【小题1】推断题。由第一自然段I believe the key to controlling mosquito behavior is to understand better how they sense us,意思是：我相信控制蚊子行为的关键是了解蚊子怎么感知到我们。因此Vosshall和他的同事主要是研究蚊子的行为。故选C。
【小题2】推断题。由第二自然段This can mean getting anywhere from one bite to 400, depending on the experiment.意思是：这意味着根据实验，在任何地方可能被叮400次。因此，研究人员可能遭受痛苦。故选C。
【小题3】细节题。由第二自然段Studying male mosquitoes is more pleasant.Since they don’t feed on blood, the lab tests their sense of smell using honey..意思是：饮酒雄性蚊子更愉快一些，因为他们不吸血，实验人员可以用蜂蜜来检测他们的气味。故选A。
【小题3】推断题。由最后一段but the breakthroughs, when they come, may save millions of lives in the developing world意思是：但是这些重大发现，当他们出现的时候，在发展中世界，或许会拯救很多人的生命。因此，Vosshall的研究很有前途。故选A
考点：考查说明文阅读。

2015届山东城阳第一高级中学高三上期中英语试卷（带解析）