LONDON, Aug. 19 (Xinhua) -- A four-year-old child’s abil Wap版

试题详情及答案解析

LONDON, Aug. 19 (Xinhua) -- A four-year-old child’s ability to draw could be an indicator of intelligence at age 14, according to a study published on Tuesday in the British journal Psychological Science.
The researchers from King’s College London (KCL) studied 7,752 pairs of identical and non-identical twins, and found that the link between drawing and later intelligence was influenced by genes.
At the age of 4, children were asked by their parents to complete a ‘Draw-a-Child’ test. Their drawings were rated from 0 to 12, based on the presence and correct number of body-parts, like arms, legs, head, eyes and nose.
The children were also given verbal and non-verbal intelligence tests at ages 4 and 14. According to researchers, the test was devised in the 1920’s to assess children’s intelligence, so it’s not surprising that the test correlated with intelligence at age 4.However, they found that higher scores on the test were also moderately associated with higher scores of intelligence at 14.
The researchers also measured the heritability of figure drawing. Identical twins share all their genes, whereas non-identical twins only share about 50 percent. Overall, at age 4, drawings from identical twin pairs were more similar to one another than drawings from non-identical twin pairs.
Therefore, the researchers concluded that differences in children’s drawings have an important genetic link. They also found that drawing at age 4 and intelligence at age 14 had a strong genetic link.
“Drawing is an ancient behaviour, dating back beyond 15,000 years ago,” Dr. Rosalind Arden, lead author of the paper from KCL, said that: “This capacity to reproduce figures is a uniquely human ability and a sign of cognitive ability, in a similar way to writing, which transformed the human species’ ability to store information, and build a civilisation.”
【小题1】According to the passage, which of the following statement about ‘Draw-a-Child’ test is true?

A．The test was devised in the 1920’s.

B．7,752 identical and non-identical twins took part in it.

C．The test was set to assess children’s intelligence.

D．The children took the test at four.

【小题2】Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word “devised” in the 4th paragraph?

A．changed

B．formed

C．taken

D．designed

【小题3】What do we know about the twins from the passage?

A．Those who could draw better at 4 tend to be more intelligent at 14.

B．Twins who look similar to each other draw better pictures.

C．They were chosen to take the drawing test by the researchers.

D．They were tested on how smart they were once.

【小题4】From the last paragraph, we can infer that ___________.

A．human society develops because of the ability to draw figures

B．drawing helps improve humans’ ability to study

C．one’s intelligence is related to his ability to draw pictures

D．only human beings are able to draw pictures

答案：【小题1】D
【小题2】D
【小题3】A
【小题4】D

试题分析：针对双胞胎的研究表明，孩子在四岁时的绘画能力与在十四岁的智力能力有密切联系。绘画能力与智力都与基因密切相关。
【小题1】D细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句话At the age of 4, children were asked by their parents to complete a ‘Draw-a-Child’ test.可知孩子们在四岁的时候参加了‘Draw-a-Child’测试。故D正确。
【小题2】D猜测词义题。根据上一句可知，孩子在四岁和十四岁分别进行了语言和非语言测试，研究人员接着说的应该是在二十世纪二十年代设计了一个测试去测试孩子的智力。所以devise在此应为设计的意思。故D正确。
【小题3】A细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句However, they found that higher scores on the test were also moderately associated with higher scores of intelligence at 14.可知在四岁时绘画得分高的人在十四岁时智力测试得分也会高。故A正确。
【小题4】D细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的This capacity to reproduce figures is a uniquely human ability可知绘画是人类独有的能力。故D正确。
考点：考查科普类短文阅读

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